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The Epoch of Extremal Inundations is a unique nature event in the past. This theory is about wide inundations in the Ponto-Caspian basins which have been associated not only with well-known marine transgressions 〔The dynamics of landscape components and inner marine basins of Northern Eurasia over the past 130,000 years. Edited by A.A. Svitoch. GEOS. Moscow. Russia. 2002. ISBN 5-89118-268-8〕 but also with four landscapes: marine lowlands (marine transgressions), river valleys (superfloods), transgressions (thermocarst lakes) and slopes (solifluction flows). Events of Epoch of Extremal Inundations had catastrophic character and influenced on the ancient human life. ==History of investigation== In 2002 Russian geographer Andrey L. Chepalyga (Institute of Geography RAS) formulated the theory of the Epoch of Extremal Inundations (EEI)〔(Chepalyga A.L., H. Arslanov, T. Yanina. Detailed age control of Khvalynean basin history. Collection papers of Intern. geosciens programme conference, project 521 "Black Sea -Mediterranean corridor" Izmir 2009 p.p. 71-75 )〕〔(Chepalyga A.L. Epoch of Extremal Floodings and human adaptation in the North Black Sea basin. Second Plenary Meeting and Field Trip of Project IGCP 521 "Black Sea-Mediterranean Corridor during last 30 ky: Sea level change and human adaptation", Odessa, Ukraine, August 20-28, 2006 )〕 - the unique nature events in the past. Long-term field investigations and laboratory works yielded factual support for the theory. On the basis of archaeological data was studied the influence of this event on the ancient human life. At the first stage, various sources were examined to search for extreme hydroclimatic events between 16,000BCE-18,000BCE for the most significant events in the Pontian in the endemic and Caspian basins; the attention was focused on possible sources of water for these events, such as overfloods in river valleys and relict permafrost thawing flowing into watersheds. The second stage included chronological correlation of the events using stratigraphic and geomorphologic facts, and available radiocarbon dates. That was followed by paleohydrological reconstructions of the basins, including their level, areas, water mass volumes and water exchange among the basins. Finally, on the basis of archeological data, the influence of those events on prehistoric human life was studied. The final aim of the investigation was to develop a comprehensive description of the Epoch of Extremal Inundations. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Epoch of Extremal Inundations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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